Evaluation of the insecticidal efficacy of four plants to protect stored Bambara groundnuts [Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc. (Fabaceae)]
Chantal MADOU1* , Antoine BAKOIDI2 & Simon Leonard NGAMO TINKEU2
ABSTRACT
Bambara groundnuts [Vigna subterranean] is one of the main legumes consumed in Northern Cameroon. However, stored nuts by farmers are quickly destroyed by pests leading to low yields. To overcome this constraint, the efficient control of stored grains from insect pests is dependent on synthetic insecticides. To reduce post-harvest losses of stored voandzou seeds, four botanicals insecticides have been developed and evaluated on the main pest. Plant powders prepared from Piper nigrum Linn. (Pipericaceae), Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry (Myrtaceae), Xylopia aethiopica Dunal (Annonaceae) and Phaseolus vulgaris L.( Fabaceae), at different doses were tested on Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius under laboratory conditions. The rest of the study involved combining black bean powder with the three condiment species in different proportions. The analysis shows a highly significant difference (p < 0.0001) between the mortality induced by formulations on day two of exposure with the lowest dose (0.5 g). These mortalities are 100%, 94.44 ± 3.79%, 72.5 ± 96 and 8.33 ± 4.77, respectively for S. aromaticum, P. nigrum, X. aethiopica and P. vulgaris powders. In relation to the formulation, the results show S. aromaticum powder induced 100% mortality compared with 94.44%, 72.59% and 8.33% respectively for P. nigrum, X. aethiopica and P. vulgaris plant powder at a dose of 5%. The results show that the natural substances used had a good insecticidal action against bruchid. The persistent compounds present in the studied spice plant powders are not toxic for human consumption at the concentrations used, but rather a beneficial effect.
Key words: botanical insecticide, aromatic plants, powder, seeds, storage, insect pest.
Affiliations
1Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), Entomology Laboratory, Yaounde, Cameroun.
2C University of Ngaoundere, Departement of Biological Sciences, Ngaoundere , Cameroun.
African Journal of Tropical Entomology Research: 3 (2) pp. 121-130
© 2024, MADOU et al.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE/ OPEN ACCESS
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Received: 19 August 2024
Accepted: 10 October 2024
Published : 21 October 2024
Author(s) agree that this article remain permanently open access under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.
Citation :
MADOU C., BAKOIDI A. & NGAMO TINKEU S.L. (2024). Evaluation of the insecticidal efficacy of four plants to protect stored Bambara groundnuts [Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc. (Fabaceae)]. African journal of tropical entomology research, 3(2), 120-130.